📗 -> 01/07/25: BIM280-L1


[Lecture Slide Link]

🎤 Vocab

❗ Unit and Larger Context

Intro to Braiin - Neuroanatomy and Neural Cicuits
Neurophysiology

BMI Applics - Chapin, Moxon et al.

✒️ -> Scratch Notes

Rat recordings of pressing lever
Using recordings to detect future ressings

PCA as a neural op funct

Robot arm hard, have to account for momentum and intertia

2024 Braingate: RNN for mullti cursor control

Posterior Parietak cortex (PPC)

  • Transforming viz info into motor commands
    M1, Premotor corttex, supplementary motor area (SMA)

Corticospinal Tract (pyramidal track)

  • descending pathway for voluntary movement humans
  • axons: m1, SMA, premotor are fibers making tract
  • only direct pathway from cortex to the spine
    • million fibers

Subcortical Structures
  • Striatum
    • Collective name for several structure
    • Important in BG
    • Parkinsons, disfunction in dopamine response
  • Globus Pallidus
  • Substatia nigra
  • Thalamus
    • “Relay station”
    • relays info from sbcortical areas and the cortex
Pathways

Info transmitted multiple loops. Very confusing and interconnected, this is mostly for our understanding. None really seperate.
Motor Loops
Oculomotor Loop
Prefrontal Loop
Limbic Loop

Spinal Cord

Corticospinal Tract (CST) main pathway for voluntary control.
compsed of both white and gray matter.
“Butterfly pattern” / Crosss section of spinal cord resembles it

  • Grey matter (cell bodies), White matter (axons), white becausue myelin sheath.

Ventral Horn of the spine?

Muscle

Eventually, the end goal of pathways will be motor activation.

Involuntary Motor Control - Handled by other networks, like the brain stem. and the pons.

  • Breathing
  • Heart rate
  • Blood pressure
  • Body temperature

Modeling - Needs to simplify phenomena, while retaining acuracy. If no assumptions, then its just the original system.
EX:

  • In order to control voluntary movements

Hist of Neural control

Wilder Penfield (1930s) - Montreal Procedure

  • Inactivating cortex, and seeing if its critical before insicion
  • Used to explor emotor homonculus

At the same time, a lot of work in exploring the implications of neurnsn have electrical signal

  • 1875 Caton EEG
  • 1926 Adrian first neural activity: discovery of AP
  • 1952 Hodkin and Huxley understanding mechanisms of AP
    • Nonlinear equations based on work with giant squid axon
  • 1969 Evarts: Neuron encoding neural control info
  • 1970 Humphrey et al.: Multiple single neuron recording

Logan TA takeover

Going over HW worksheet

🧪 -> Refresh the Info

Did you generally find the overall content understandable or compelling or relevant or not, and why, or which aspects of the reading were most novel or challenging for you and which aspects were most familiar or straightforward?)

Did a specific aspect of the reading raise questions for you or relate to other ideas and findings you’ve encountered, or are there other related issues you wish had been covered?)

Resources

  • Put useful links here

Connections

  • Link all related words