Concept Practice: Dominant and Recessive Genetic Disorders
Vocab
Homo/Heterozygous, Dominant/Recessive
Monogenetic - Relating to one gene (a monogenetic disorder like Huntingtons)
Polygenetic - More common, relating to multiple genes
Genetics
Monogenetic Dominant
Serious monogenetic complications are rare (they would be unviable to pass on)
Most serious is Huntington’s Disease, neurological disorder that doesnt appear until middle adulthood
- Children haev a 50% chance of developing
Monogenetic Recessive
Cystic Fibrosis, Tay-Sachs disease, Sickle-cell anemia
- Children have 25% chance of being unaffected, 25% of being affected, 50% of being carrier
Sex-linked
Men are XY, women XX
Sometimes genes are sex-linked, and both genes would have to be problematic for a woman to be affected
- 50% chance of children to be unaffected (for boy and girl), 25% chance of being carrier daughter, 25% of being affected son
Examples: Hemophilia, Reg/Green color deficiency
Epigenetic
Most conditions are both polygenetic and epigenetic
- Ex: Alzheimers, diabetes, schizophrenia, hypertension, and autism