Vygotsky’s Theory on Cognitive Development

Part 1

Developmental Theories differ in:

  1. Relative contribtuions of nature/nurture
  2. Processes infants use to learn about the world
  3. Degree of continuity/discontinuity

Lev Vygotsky: (Russian psychologist 1896-1934)

  • Only became influential after his lifetime

Zone of proximal development - The domain that the learner can do unaided, as opposed to what they can’t do alone and need to be taught

  • Support given exists slightly beyond current skills
    Scaffolding - Providing support structures to help children master skills and learn about their world beyond their current level
  • Training wheels on a bike

Part 2

Domain-general processes

  • Development emerges from domain-general processes of social interactions with a more competent other

Vygotsky argued that development is continuous and gradual

Recap

  • Vygotsky argues that the main source of development is social interactions within the zone of proximal development
  • Development emerges from domain-general processes of social interactions, and it is continuous
  • Development prepares for participation in social and cultural interactions and practices

Concept Practice

Vygotsky’s Approach / Sociocultural Theory - Emphasize development resultig from interaction between child’s behavior and surrounding society

Jean Piaget - Child are active agents in their development
Vygotsky - Emphasize the role of parents, tachers, etc. in helping the child acquire knowledge