Rouge test - assesment of self-awareness

Recognizing self in mirror - milestone in demonstrating self-awareness
Identity - ones self definition that reflects internalized, self-chosen values, beliefs, and goals

Rouge test - dot of rouge is placed on the face of an infant without them knowing. Then researcher shows the child his/her face and asks:

  1. Who is the child with the spot on his/her nose
  2. Can you clean the spot off the person in the mirror

Self-awareness generally develops between 15 and 24 months of age.
Two important indicators of a budding sense of self:

  • 2 year olds begin to use words that indicate self awareness and identity: “Mine” or “George’s room”
  • Children start to compare themselves to societal norms they’ve internalized

Emotion dev:

  • Primary emotions develop within the first year of life. These emotions are direct responses to stimuli. They are thought to be innate, unlearned, and universal across our species (Ekman, 1999).
    • Anger, joy, fear, despair
  • Secondary emotions, or self-conscious emotions, show concern about how others view you. They require that you have a sense of self, have internalized societal standards, and are evaluating yourself against those external standards.
    • Pride, shame, emberassment, guilt