Parenting Styles:
- Authoritarian (Because I said so)
- Permissive (Whatever you want)
- Authoritative (Lets discuss this)
- Neglect (Leave me alone)
- 5th ?
Each on a 2D axis:
Parental Control: Sets limits to lenient (how involved/strict they are)
Warmth/Responsiveness: Warm to cold (loving vs neglectful?)
Authoritarian - cold and sets limits (overbearing rules type)
Permissive - warm and lenient
Authoritative - warm and sets limits
Neglectful - cold and lenient
New proposed 5th type - over-involved:
- Snowplow / helicopter parents
- Kids don’t learn how to solve things themselves
Types are based from europe, unclear how they hold up worldwide
Continued
Outcomes:
Neglect - Tend to be sad, lonely, and immaturate for their age. AS they age, tend to have trouble maintaining relationships and are at higher risk for substance use
Authoritarian - Children are obedient but unhappy and unfriendly. Low self-confidence and perform poorly at school, high risk for aggressive behavior. Can’t wait to leave home
Permissive - Most likely to be impulsive and lack self-control or regulation. As young adults, tend to become independent at a slower pace
Authoritative - Likely to be competent and successful, happy with themselves, popular with peers, generous toward others. At low risk of developing substance use disorder and other behavioral issues.
Bidirectionality
Parents behavior is influenced by child behavior
Many parents would prefer an authoritarian style, but angry children challenging every rule may push parents toward an authoritarian style